An aphthous ulcer is a type of oral ulcer which is like a open sore inside the mouth or the upper throat. Aphthous ulcers are caused by a break in the mucous membrane present in the mouth. Aphthous Ulcer is a very common type of skin disorder but it can also be very dangerous if not treated properly.

Causes

Even though the exact cause of Aphthous ulcers is not known but some of the reasons that may lead to this disease are as follows:

Malfunction in the immune system of the body.

Changes in hormones.

Some ex-smokers may develop ulcers after stopping smoking.

Nutritional problems, such as deficiency of vitamin B-12, zinc, folic acid or iron.

Food allergies may also cause Aphthous ulcers .

Mouth ulcers may also occur due to genetic factors.

Mouth ulcers are more common in people with Crohn's disease, coeliac disease, HIV infection, and Bechet's disease.

Other factors that can provoke them include stress, fatigue, illness, injury from accidental biting, weight loss, food allergies, and foaming agent in toothpaste.

Symptoms

The early symptoms can be a burning or tingling sensation.

Round white with a red edge can also be seen.

The lymph nodes get swollen.

One may also develop fever.

Painful sores may occur on or below the tongue or may even occur on ones cheeks or and lips.

Treatments

Chlorhexidine Mouthwash may reduce the pain. It may also help ulcers to heal more quickly. It also helps to prevent ulcers from becoming infected.

The use of benzydamine spray or choline salicylate gel is very beneficial for the treatment of aphthous ulcer.

One should avoid food which is mostly acidic that you know may trigger or exacerbate ulcers.

In aphthous ulcer, topical or oral tetracycline may be given.

Steroid lozenges help in reducing the pain, and may help ulcers to heal more quickly and these steroid lozenges work faster in healing the ulcers.

One should take care of their mouth by brushing regularly especially at night to avoid any type of mouth diseases and avoid chewing pan masala etc.