Factitious Disorders are psychiatric disorders in which the patient consciously fakes disability or illness. In this disorder the individual constantly wishes to attain psychological benefits as well as attention and concern of others. In a number of cases, these individuals indulge in taking drugs or harm themselves in order to induce real illnesses. The main aim of the patient is to assume a sick role in order to be showered with excessive concern and looking after. In olden days, this disorder was known as Munchausen’s syndrome, hospital addiction, polysurgical addiction and professional patient syndrome.

Characteristics of Factitious Disorders:

Individuals affected with this disorder constantly commit frauds by forging symptoms of illnesses or diseases which becomes an inseparable part of their character.

Individuals affected by these disorders can change their symptoms easily and at will.

These individuals are extremely defensive when inquired about their illness and become evasive and suspicious.

They talk rather slowly when describing their symptoms and show a great deal of reluctance in talking about their illness.

If inconsistencies in their behavior are pointed out, deliberate deceivers as a rule immediately become more defensive.

Some individuals also get costly and painful surgical treatments performed in order to get attention.

Causes of Factitious Disorders:

These can be physical as well as psychological and are often difficult to determine. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proved that various brain abnormalities are present in the individuals suffering from these disorders that may have a biological or genetic linkage. Psychological causes for these disorders indicate that individuals affected by factitious disorders might be trying to sort out unresolved childhood issues or may have certain problems related to masochism. These disorders are characterized by an intense need for attention and the need to be taken care of. Most of these individuals are extremely vulnerable and get a high by deceiving doctors.

Treatment of Factitious disorders:

These disorders need to be treated at the earliest and need consultation from a psychologist or psychiatrist. Medications have not proved to be of much significance in the treatment of these disorders, except in the case of depression or anxiety. Psychotherapy is considered to be a better option for the treatment of these disorders. Family and group therapy options have long-term treatment benefits.